{"id":58716,"date":"2023-02-10T09:00:14","date_gmt":"2023-02-10T00:00:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.creationline.com\/?p=58716"},"modified":"2023-08-29T15:27:31","modified_gmt":"2023-08-29T06:27:31","slug":"k0s%e3%81%a7cilium%e3%81%a8hubble%e3%82%92%e4%bd%bf%e3%81%a3%e3%81%a6%e3%81%bf%e3%82%88%e3%81%86-kubernetes-k8s-cilium-hubble-k0s-mirantis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.creationline.com\/tech-blog\/cloudnative\/kubernetes\/58716","title":{"rendered":"k0s\u3067Cilium\u3068Hubble\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u307f\u3088\u3046 #kubernetes #k8s #cilium #hubble #k0s #mirantis"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/k0sproject.io\/\">k0s<\/a>\u3068\u306f\u3001\u8efd\u91cf\u304b\u3064\u4f7f\u3044\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3001100%\u30aa\u30fc\u30d7\u30f3\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u306eKubernetes\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30d3\u30e5\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u3059\u3002\u4e3b\u306a\u7279\u5fb4\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3001<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u30d5\u30eb\u6a5f\u80fd\u306eKubernetes\u3092\u69cb\u7bc9\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u3059\u3079\u3066\u3092\u5358\u4e00\u30d0\u30a4\u30ca\u30ea\u306b\u540c\u68b1<\/li>\n<li>\u00a0k0s\u7279\u6709\u306e\u6539\u5909\u3092\u52a0\u3048\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3001CNCF\u8a8d\u5b9a\u306e\u7d14\u6b63\u306aKubernetes\u3092\u30c7\u30d7\u30ed\u30a4<\/li>\n<li>\u6700\u4f4e\u5fc5\u8981\u30ea\u30bd\u30fc\u30b91vCPU\u30fb1GB\u30e1\u30e2\u30ea\u30fb2GB\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b8\u306e\u30b7\u30f3\u30b0\u30eb\u30ce\u30fc\u30c9\u304b\u3089\u3001HA\u69cb\u6210\u306e\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\u30bf\u307e\u3067\u30b5\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/kubernetes.io\/docs\/tasks\/extend-kubernetes\/setup-konnectivity\/\">Konnectivity<\/a>\u3092\u30c7\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c8\u3067\u6709\u52b9\u5316<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u306a\u3069\u304c\u6319\u3052\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3088\u308a\u8a73\u3057\u3044\u60c5\u5831\u306f<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.k0sproject.io\/\">\u516c\u5f0f\u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8<\/a>\u3092\u3054\u89a7\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<br \/>\n\u672c\u7a3f\u3067\u306f\u3053\u306ek0s\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066Kubernetes\u3092\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u3057\u3066\u307f\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u3053\u306e\u969b\u306b\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30d7\u30e9\u30b0\u30a4\u30f3\u3092\u30c7\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c8\u306eKube-Router\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f<a href=\"https:\/\/cilium.io\/\">Cilium<\/a>\u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/cilium\/hubble\">Hubble<\/a>\u3067\u53ef\u8996\u5316\u3092\u884c\u3063\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>Cilium\u30fbHubble\u3068\u306f<\/h2>\n<p>\u30c7\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c8\u306eKubernetes\u3067\u306f<a href=\"https:\/\/kubernetes.io\/docs\/reference\/command-line-tools-reference\/kube-proxy\/\">kube-proxy<\/a>\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066Pod\u9593\u901a\u4fe1\u3092\u884c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057kube-proxy\u306fPod\u306e\u6570\u304c\u5897\u3048\u308b\u3068\u30d1\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30de\u30f3\u30b9\u306b\u52a3\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u96e3\u70b9\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<br \/>\nCilium\u306fLinux\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u6a5f\u80fd\u306e<a href=\"https:\/\/ebpf.io\/\">eBPF<\/a>\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305f\u5b9f\u88c5\u3067\u3001\u3053\u306ekube-proxy\u3092\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u30d1\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30de\u30f3\u30b9\u306e\u6539\u5584\u3092\u306f\u304b\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<br \/>\nHubble\u306fCilium\u304c\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u30aa\u30d6\u30b6\u30d0\u30d3\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u30ec\u30a4\u30e4\u30fc\u3067\u3059\u3002Pod\u306e\u4f9d\u5b58\u95a2\u4fc2\u3084\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30dd\u30ea\u30b7\u30fc\u306e\u53ef\u8996\u5316\u3092\u884c\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>k0s\u3067\u306eCilium\u306e\u5229\u7528<\/h2>\n<p>k0s\u306f\u30c7\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c8\u306ekube-router\u3092\u7121\u52b9\u5316\u3057\u3001\u4efb\u610f\u306e\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30d7\u30e9\u30b0\u30a4\u30f3\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tigera.io\/project-calico\/\">Calico<\/a>\u3084<a href=\"https:\/\/www.weave.works\/docs\/net\/latest\/kubernetes\/\">Weave Net<\/a>\u306e\u4f8b\u306f<a href=\"\/lab\/45685\">\u3053\u3061\u3089\u306e\u904e\u53bb\u8a18\u4e8b<\/a>\u3092\u3054\u89a7\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<br \/>\n\u3055\u3089\u306bk0s\u3067\u306fkube-proxy\u3092\u7121\u52b9\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3067\u304d\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001Cilium\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u6e96\u5099\u306f\u6574\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u8a00\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002<br \/>\n\u3067\u306f<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.cilium.io\/en\/latest\/installation\/k0s\/\">\u516c\u5f0f\u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8<\/a>\u3092\u53c2\u8003\u306b\u3001\u65e9\u901f\u69cb\u7bc9\u3057\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u74b0\u5883\u306f<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vagrantup.com\/\">Vagrant<\/a> + <a href=\"https:\/\/www.virtualbox.org\/\">VirtualBox<\/a>\u3067\u6e96\u5099\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30b3\u30f3\u30c8\u30ed\u30fc\u30eb\u30d7\u30ec\u30fc\u30f3\u7528VM\u30921\u3064\u3001\u30ef\u30fc\u30ab\u30fc\u30ce\u30fc\u30c9\u7528VM\u30922\u3064\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"ruby\"># -*- mode: ruby -*-\n# vi: set ft=ruby :\n\nVagrant.configure(\"2\") do |config|\n  config.vm.box = \"ubuntu\/focal64\"\n  config.vm.box_check_update = false\n  \n  config.vm.define \"master\" do |cf|\n    cf.vm.hostname = \"master\"\n    cf.vm.network \"private_network\", ip: \"192.168.56.101\"\n    cf.vm.provider \"virtualbox\" do |vb|\n      vb.memory = 4096\n    end\n  end\n\n  ( 1..2 ).each do |i|\n    config.vm.define \"node0#{i}\" do |cf|\n      cf.vm.hostname = \"node0#{i}\"\n      cf.vm.network \"private_network\", ip: \"192.168.56.20#{i}\"\n      cf.vm.provider \"virtualbox\" do |vb|\n        vb.memory = 4096\n      end\n    end\n  end\nend<\/pre>\n<h3>k0s\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb<\/h3>\n<p>VM\u304c\u6e96\u5099\u3067\u304d\u305f\u3089k0s\u3092\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002Cilium\u306e<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.cilium.io\/en\/latest\/installation\/k0s\/\">\u516c\u5f0f\u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8<\/a>\u3067\u306f<a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/k0sproject\/k0sctl\">k0sctl\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9<\/a>\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306fVagrant\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u90fd\u5408\u4e0a\u3001\u7c21\u5358\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b<a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/k0sproject\/k0s\">k0s\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9<\/a>\u3067\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u884c\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/k0sproject\/k0s\/releases\">k0s\u30ea\u30ea\u30fc\u30b9\u30da\u30fc\u30b8<\/a>\u304b\u3089\u30d0\u30a4\u30ca\u30ea\u3092\u30c0\u30a6\u30f3\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\u3057\u30013\u3064\u306eVM\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306b\u8a2d\u7f6e\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u57f7\u7b46\u6642\u306e\u30d0\u30fc\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\u306f v1.26.0+k0s.0 \u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\">\nvagrant@master:~$ \/usr\/local\/bin\/k0s version\nv1.26.0+k0s.0\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u30b3\u30f3\u30c8\u30ed\u30fc\u30eb\u30d7\u30ec\u30fc\u30f3\u7528VM\u3067\u8a2d\u5b9a\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306e\u96db\u5f62\u3092\u751f\u6210\u30fb\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\">\nvagrant@master:~$ k0s config create &gt; k0s.yaml.orig\nvagrant@master:~$ cp -a k0s.yaml.orig k0s.yaml\nvagrant@master:~$ vi k0s.yaml\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u5909\u66f4\u7b87\u6240\u306f\u3001<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u30b3\u30f3\u30c8\u30ed\u30fc\u30eb\u30d7\u30ec\u30fc\u30f3\u7528VM\u306eIP\u30a2\u30c9\u30ec\u30b9(192.168.56.101)\u3078\u306e\u5909\u66f4<\/li>\n<li>kube-proxy\u3092\u7121\u52b9\u5316<\/li>\n<li>kube-router\u3092\u7121\u52b9\u5316<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5dee\u5206\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"diff\">vagrant@master:~$ diff -u k0s.yaml.orig k0s.yaml\n--- k0s.yaml.orig\t2023-02-07 02:14:33.621139234 +0000\n+++ k0s.yaml\t2023-02-07 02:16:19.961141860 +0000\n@@ -5,11 +5,10 @@\n   name: k0s\n spec:\n   api:\n-    address: 10.0.2.15\n+    address: 192.168.56.101\n     k0sApiPort: 9443\n     port: 6443\n     sans:\n-    - 10.0.2.15\n     - 192.168.56.101\n     - fe80::54:6bff:feb1:a9f4\n     - fe80::a00:27ff:fe44:7550\n@@ -71,18 +70,7 @@\n     clusterDomain: cluster.local\n     dualStack: {}\n     kubeProxy:\n-      iptables:\n-        masqueradeAll: true\n-        minSyncPeriod: 0s\n-        syncPeriod: 0s\n-      ipvs:\n-        minSyncPeriod: 0s\n-        syncPeriod: 0s\n-        tcpFinTimeout: 0s\n-        tcpTimeout: 0s\n-        udpTimeout: 0s\n-      metricsBindAddress: 0.0.0.0:10249\n-      mode: iptables\n+      disabled: true\n     kuberouter:\n       autoMTU: true\n       hairpin: Enabled\n@@ -100,13 +88,13 @@\n         konnectivityServerBindPort: 7132\n       type: EnvoyProxy\n     podCIDR: 10.244.0.0\/16\n-    provider: kuberouter\n+    provider: custom\n     serviceCIDR: 10.96.0.0\/12\n   scheduler: {}\n   storage:\n     etcd:\n       externalCluster: null\n-      peerAddress: 10.0.2.15\n+      peerAddress: 192.168.56.101\n     type: etcd\n   telemetry:\n     enabled: true\nvagrant@master:~$<\/pre>\n<p>\u8a2d\u5b9a\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u30c7\u30a3\u30ec\u30af\u30c8\u30ea\u306b\u8a2d\u7f6e\u3057\u3001k0s\u3092\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\">\nvagrant@master:~$ sudo mkdir \/etc\/k0s\nvagrant@master:~$ sudo mv k0s.yaml \/etc\/k0s\/\nvagrant@master:~$ sudo k0s install controller -c \/etc\/k0s\/k0s.yaml\nvagrant@master:~$ sudo k0s start\nvagrant@master:~$ sudo k0s status\nVersion: v1.26.0+k0s.0\nProcess ID: 6313\nRole: controller\nWorkloads: false\nSingleNode: false\nvagrant@master:~$\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u30ef\u30fc\u30ab\u30fc\u30ce\u30fc\u30c9\u53c2\u52a0\u7528\u30c8\u30fc\u30af\u30f3\u3092\u6255\u3044\u51fa\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\">\nvagrant@master:~$ sudo k0s token create --role=worker \/etc\/k0s\/k0s.yaml &gt; join-token\nvagrant@master:~$\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u53c2\u52a0\u7528\u30c8\u30fc\u30af\u30f3\u3092\u30ef\u30fc\u30ab\u30fc\u30ce\u30fc\u30c9VM\u306b\u30b3\u30d4\u30fc\u3057\u3001k0s\u3092\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u3057\u307e\u3059\u30022\u3064\u3042\u308b\u30ef\u30fc\u30ab\u30fc\u30ce\u30fc\u30c9VM\u306e\u4e21\u65b9\u3067\u884c\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c --node-ip \u306eIP\u30a2\u30c9\u30ec\u30b9\u3092\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306b\u5408\u308f\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u304a\u5fd8\u308c\u306a\u304f\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\">\nvagrant@node01:~$ sudo mkdir \/etc\/k0s\nvagrant@node01:~$ sudo mv join-token \/etc\/k0s\/\nvagrant@node01:~$ sudo k0s install worker --token-file \/etc\/k0s\/join-token --kubelet-extra-args &#039;--node-ip=192.168.56.201&#039;\nvagrant@node01:~$ sudo k0s start\nvagrant@node01:~$ sudo k0s status\nVersion: v1.26.0+k0s.0\nProcess ID: 7064\nRole: worker\nWorkloads: true\nSingleNode: false\nKube-api probing successful: true\nKube-api probing last error:\nvagrant@node01:~$\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u30ef\u30fc\u30ab\u30fc\u30ce\u30fc\u30c9\u30922\u3064\u3068\u3082\u53c2\u52a0\u3055\u305b\u305f\u3089\u3001\u30b3\u30f3\u30c8\u30ed\u30fc\u30eb\u30d7\u30ec\u30fc\u30f3\u5074\u3067\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\">\nvagrant@master:~$ sudo cp \/var\/lib\/k0s\/pki\/admin.conf kubeconfig.cfg\nvagrant@master:~$ sudo chown $USER kubeconfig.cfg\nvagrant@master:~$ export KUBECONFIG=~\/kubeconfig.cfg\nvagrant@master:~$ source &lt;(k0s completion bash)\nvagrant@master:~$ k0s kubectl get nodes\nE0207 02:46:18.988467 8328 memcache.go:255] couldn&#039;t get resource list for metrics.k8s.io\/v1beta1: the server is currently unable to handle the request\nE0207 02:46:18.997674 8328 memcache.go:106] couldn&#039;t get resource list for metrics.k8s.io\/v1beta1: the server is currently unable to handle the request\nE0207 02:46:19.005031 8328 memcache.go:106] couldn&#039;t get resource list for metrics.k8s.io\/v1beta1: the server is currently unable to handle the request\nE0207 02:46:19.009013 8328 memcache.go:106] couldn&#039;t get resource list for metrics.k8s.io\/v1beta1: the server is currently unable to handle the request\nNAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION\nnode01 NotReady &lt;none&gt; 10m v1.26.0+k0s\nnode02 NotReady &lt;none&gt; 3m53s v1.26.0+k0s\nvagrant@master:~$\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u3061\u3087\u3063\u3068\u898b\u6163\u308c\u306a\u3044\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u304c\u51fa\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001Kubernetes\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\u30bf\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\u304c\u5b8c\u4e86\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3001\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\u4e00\u65e6\u7121\u8996\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002node01\u3082node02\u3082STATUS\u304cNotReady\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3001\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\u30bf\u306b\u53c2\u52a0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3082\u306e\u306e\u3001\u307e\u3060\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u4ed8\u3051\u308b\u6e96\u5099\u304c\u3067\u304d\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3082\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>Cilium\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb<\/h3>\n<p>\u305d\u308c\u3067\u306fCilium\u306e<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.cilium.io\/en\/latest\/installation\/k0s\/\">\u516c\u5f0f\u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8<\/a>\u306b\u5f93\u3044\u3001Cilium\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u884c\u3044\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\">\nvagrant@master:~$ CILIUM_CLI_VERSION=$(curl -s https:\/\/raw.githubusercontent.com\/cilium\/cilium-cli\/master\/stable.txt)\nvagrant@master:~$ echo $CILIUM_CLI_VERSION\nv0.12.12\nvagrant@master:~$ CLI_ARCH=amd64\nvagrant@master:~$ curl -L --fail --remote-name-all https:\/\/github.com\/cilium\/cilium-cli\/releases\/download\/${CILIUM_CLI_VERSION}\/cilium-linux-${CLI_ARCH}.tar.gz{,.sha256sum}\nvagrant@master:~$ sha256sum --check cilium-linux-${CLI_ARCH}.tar.gz.sha256sum\ncilium-linux-amd64.tar.gz: OK\nvagrant@master:~$ sudo tar xzvfC cilium-linux-${CLI_ARCH}.tar.gz \/usr\/local\/bin\ncilium\nvagrant@master:~$ rm cilium-linux-${CLI_ARCH}.tar.gz{,.sha256sum}\nvagrant@master:~$ cilium version\ncilium-cli: v0.12.12 compiled with go1.19.4 on linux\/amd64\ncilium image (default): v1.12.5\ncilium image (stable): v1.12.6\ncilium image (running): unknown. Unable to obtain cilium version, no cilium pods found in namespace &quot;kube-system&quot;\nvagrant@master:~$\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u3053\u308c\u3067Cilium\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u304c\u5b8c\u4e86\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u6700\u5f8c\u306b\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u304c\u51fa\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001Cilium\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\u304c\u3067\u304d\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\u4e00\u65e6\u7121\u8996\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3067\u306f\u3044\u3088\u3044\u3088Cilium\u3092Kubernetes\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\u30bf\u306b\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\">\nvagrant@master:~$ cilium install\n&#x2139;&#xfe0f; Using Cilium version 1.12.5\nAuto-detected cluster name: local\nAuto-detected datapath mode: tunnel\nAuto-detected kube-proxy has been installed\n&#x26a0;&#xfe0f; Unable to list kubernetes api resources, try --api-versions if needed: %!w(*fmt.wrapError=&amp;{failed to list api resources: unable to retrieve the complete list of server APIs: metrics.k8s.io\/v1beta1: the server is currently unable to handle the request 0xc00063eea0})\n&#x2139;&#xfe0f; helm template --namespace kube-system cilium cilium\/cilium --version 1.12.5 --set cluster.id=0,cluster.name=local,encryption.nodeEncryption=false,kubeProxyReplacement=disabled,operator.replicas=1,serviceAccounts.cilium.name=cilium,serviceAccounts.operator.name=cilium-operator,tunnel=vxlan\n&#x2139;&#xfe0f; Storing helm values file in kube-system\/cilium-cli-helm-values Secret\nCreated CA in secret cilium-ca\nGenerating certificates for Hubble...\nCreating Service accounts...\nCreating Cluster roles...\nCreating ConfigMap for Cilium version 1.12.5...\nCreating Agent DaemonSet...\nCreating Operator Deployment...\n&#x231b; Waiting for Cilium to be installed and ready...\n&#x267b;&#xfe0f; Restarting unmanaged pods...\n&#x267b;&#xfe0f; Restarted unmanaged pod kube-system\/coredns-9864b985-gtfhl\n&#x2705; Cilium was successfully installed! Run &#039;cilium status&#039; to view installation health\n<\/pre>\n<p>Cilium\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u304c\u5b8c\u4e86\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u6307\u793a\u901a\u308a\u3001Cilium\u306e\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\">vagrant@master:~$ cilium status --wait\n    \/\u00af\u00af\\\n \/\u00af\u00af\\__\/\u00af\u00af\\    Cilium:         OK\n \\__\/\u00af\u00af\\__\/    Operator:       OK\n \/\u00af\u00af\\__\/\u00af\u00af\\    Hubble:         disabled\n \\__\/\u00af\u00af\\__\/    ClusterMesh:    disabled\n    \\__\/\n\nDaemonSet         cilium             Desired: 2, Ready: 2\/2, Available: 2\/2\nDeployment        cilium-operator    Desired: 1, Ready: 1\/1, Available: 1\/1\nContainers:       cilium             Running: 2\n                  cilium-operator    Running: 1\nCluster Pods:     5\/5 managed by Cilium\nImage versions    cilium-operator    quay.io\/cilium\/operator-generic:v1.12.5@sha256:b296eb7f0f7656a5cc19724f40a8a7121b7fd725278b7d61dc91fe0b7ffd7c0e: 1\n                  cilium             quay.io\/cilium\/cilium:v1.12.5@sha256:06ce2b0a0a472e73334a7504ee5c5d8b2e2d7b72ef728ad94e564740dd505be5: 2\nvagrant@master:~$<\/pre>\n<p>\u554f\u984c\u306a\u3055\u305d\u3046\u3067\u3059\u3002\u63a5\u7d9a\u6027\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3082\u884c\u3063\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u306a\u304a\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u7d50\u69cb\u6642\u9593\u304c\u304b\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\">\nvagrant@master:~$ cilium connectivity test\n&#x2139;&#xfe0f; Monitor aggregation detected, will skip some flow validation steps\n&#x2728; [local] Creating namespace cilium-test for connectivity check...\n&#x2728; [local] Deploying echo-same-node service...\n&#x2728; [local] Deploying DNS test server configmap...\n&#x2728; [local] Deploying same-node deployment...\n&#x2728; [local] Deploying client deployment...\n&#x2728; [local] Deploying client2 deployment...\n&#x2728; [local] Deploying echo-other-node service...\n&#x2728; [local] Deploying other-node deployment...\n&#x231b; [local] Waiting for deployments [client client2 echo-same-node] to become ready...\n&#x231b; [local] Waiting for deployments [echo-other-node] to become ready...\n&#x231b; [local] Waiting for CiliumEndpoint for pod cilium-test\/client-6f6788d7cc-2mnjz to appear...\n&#x231b; [local] Waiting for CiliumEndpoint for pod cilium-test\/client2-bc59f56d5-v79dw to appear...\n&#x231b; [local] Waiting for pod cilium-test\/client-6f6788d7cc-2mnjz to reach DNS server on cilium-test\/echo-same-node-9f8754876-j7lmt pod...\n&#x231b; [local] Waiting for pod cilium-test\/client2-bc59f56d5-v79dw to reach DNS server on cilium-test\/echo-same-node-9f8754876-j7lmt pod...\n&#x231b; [local] Waiting for pod cilium-test\/client-6f6788d7cc-2mnjz to reach DNS server on cilium-test\/echo-other-node-5c58b8cf8b-zbtnx pod...\n&#x231b; [local] Waiting for pod cilium-test\/client2-bc59f56d5-v79dw to reach DNS server on cilium-test\/echo-other-node-5c58b8cf8b-zbtnx pod...\n&#x231b; [local] Waiting for pod cilium-test\/client-6f6788d7cc-2mnjz to reach default\/kubernetes service...\n&#x231b; [local] Waiting for pod cilium-test\/client2-bc59f56d5-v79dw to reach default\/kubernetes service...\n&#x231b; [local] Waiting for CiliumEndpoint for pod cilium-test\/echo-other-node-5c58b8cf8b-zbtnx to appear...\n&#x231b; [local] Waiting for CiliumEndpoint for pod cilium-test\/echo-same-node-9f8754876-j7lmt to appear...\n&#x231b; [local] Waiting for Service cilium-test\/echo-same-node to become ready...\n&#x231b; [local] Waiting for Service cilium-test\/echo-other-node to become ready...\n&#x231b; [local] Waiting for NodePort 192.168.56.202:30073 (cilium-test\/echo-other-node) to become ready...\n&#x231b; [local] Waiting for NodePort 192.168.56.202:31588 (cilium-test\/echo-same-node) to become ready...\n&#x231b; [local] Waiting for NodePort 192.168.56.201:30073 (cilium-test\/echo-other-node) to become ready...\n&#x231b; [local] Waiting for NodePort 192.168.56.201:31588 (cilium-test\/echo-same-node) to become ready...\n&#x2139;&#xfe0f; Skipping IPCache check\nEnabling Hubble telescope...\n&#x26a0;&#xfe0f; Unable to contact Hubble Relay, disabling Hubble telescope and flow validation: rpc error: code = Unavailable desc = connection error: desc = &quot;transport: Error while dialing dial tcp 127.0.0.1:4245: connect: connection refused&quot;\n&#x2139;&#xfe0f; Expose Relay locally with:\ncilium hubble enable\ncilium hubble port-forward&amp;\n&#x2139;&#xfe0f; Cilium version: 1.12.5\nRunning tests...\n[=] Test [no-policies]\n................................\n[=] Test [allow-all-except-world]\n..............\n[=] Test [client-ingress]\n..\n[=] Test [all-ingress-deny]\n........\n[=] Test [all-egress-deny]\n................\n[=] Test [all-entities-deny]\n........\n[=] Test [cluster-entity]\n..\n[=] Test [host-entity]\n....\n[=] Test [echo-ingress]\n....\n[=] Test [client-ingress-icmp]\n..\n[=] Test [client-egress]\n....\n[=] Test [client-egress-expression]\n....\n[=] Test [client-egress-to-echo-service-account]\n....\n[=] Test [to-entities-world]\n......\n[=] Test [to-cidr-1111]\n....\n[=] Test [echo-ingress-from-other-client-deny]\n......\n[=] Test [client-ingress-from-other-client-icmp-deny]\n......\n[=] Test [client-egress-to-echo-deny]\n......\n[=] Test [client-ingress-to-echo-named-port-deny]\n....\n[=] Test [client-egress-to-echo-expression-deny]\n....\n[=] Test [client-egress-to-echo-service-account-deny]\n....\n[=] Test [client-egress-to-cidr-deny]\n....\n[=] Test [client-egress-to-cidr-deny-default]\n....\n[=] Test [health]\n..\n[=] Test [echo-ingress-l7]\n............\n[=] Test [echo-ingress-l7-named-port]\n............\n[=] Test [client-egress-l7-method]\n............\n[=] Test [client-egress-l7]\n..........\n[=] Test [client-egress-l7-named-port]\n..........\n[=] Test [dns-only]\n..........\n[=] Test [to-fqdns]\n........\n\n&#x2705; All 31 tests (228 actions) successful, 0 tests skipped, 1 scenarios skipped.\nvagrant@master:~$\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u30d1\u30b9\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\u30bf\u306e\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\">\nvagrant@master:~$ k0s kubectl get nodes\nNAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION\nnode01 Ready &lt;none&gt; 30m v1.26.0+k0s\nnode02 Ready &lt;none&gt; 23m v1.26.0+k0s\nvagrant@master:~$\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u304c\u6d88\u3048\u3001node01\u3068node02\u306e\u4e21\u65b9\u306eSTATUS\u304cReady\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u4ed8\u3051\u3089\u308c\u308b\u72b6\u614b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u52d5\u4f5c\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8<\/h3>\n<p>\u30c7\u30e2\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u304a\u99b4\u67d3\u307f\u306e<a href=\"https:\/\/microservices-demo.github.io\/\">Sock Shop<\/a>\u3092\u30c7\u30d7\u30ed\u30a4\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\">vagrant@master:~$ k0s kubectl create -f https:\/\/raw.githubusercontent.com\/microservices-demo\/microservices-demo\/master\/deploy\/kubernetes\/complete-demo.yaml\nvagrant@master:~$ k0s kubectl get pod -n sock-shop \nNAME                            READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE\ncarts-db-9f479f97d-vvr89        1\/1     Running   0          7m29s\ncarts-f97d4b77b-kl679           1\/1     Running   0          7m29s\ncatalogue-b879d7855-dbr96       1\/1     Running   0          7m28s\ncatalogue-db-6f8f687666-7hc5g   1\/1     Running   0          7m28s\nfront-end-64c558644d-7mj2c      1\/1     Running   0          7m28s\norders-975b98f6d-dq94m          1\/1     Running   0          7m28s\norders-db-7b9776477b-pffhv      1\/1     Running   0          7m28s\npayment-5479985fc6-4pctv        1\/1     Running   0          7m28s\nqueue-master-5f47c5967-chtqs    1\/1     Running   0          7m28s\nrabbitmq-7d58795496-2ggk6       2\/2     Running   0          7m28s\nsession-db-6b78bc9658-nvg6g     1\/1     Running   0          7m28s\nshipping-b7967ddb-x8ck6         1\/1     Running   0          7m28s\nuser-5c8564b446-c5d7t           1\/1     Running   0          7m27s\nuser-db-6979dbc4cd-xtznf        1\/1     Running   0          7m27s\nvagrant@master:~$<\/pre>\n<p>\u30d6\u30e9\u30a6\u30b6\u3067 http:\/\/192.168.56.201:30001 \u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f http:\/\/192.168.56.202:30001 \u306b\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3057\u3001Sock Shop\u306eUI\u304c\u8868\u793a\u3055\u308c\u308c\u3070\u6b63\u5e38\u306b\u52d5\u4f5c\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-36771\" src=\"\/tech-blog\/cms_x3GWkuX\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/socks-768x553-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"768\" height=\"553\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.creationline.com\/tech-blog\/cms_x3GWkuX\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/socks-768x553-1.png 768w, https:\/\/www.creationline.com\/tech-blog\/cms_x3GWkuX\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/socks-768x553-1-360x259.png 360w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u3068\u3053\u308d\u3067\u3001\u672c\u5f53\u306bkube-proxy\u304c\u52d5\u4f5c\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\uff1f\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\">\nvagrant@master:~$ ps auxwwwf | grep &#039;[ k]ube-proxy&#039;\nvagrant@master:~$\n\nvagrant@node01:~$ ps auxwwwf | grep &#039;[ k]ube-proxy&#039;\nvagrant@node01:~$\n\nvagrant@node02:~$ ps auxwwwf | grep &#039;[ k]ube-proxy&#039;\nvagrant@node02:~$\n<\/pre>\n<p>3\u3064\u306e\u30ce\u30fc\u30c9\u3059\u3079\u3066\u3067kube-proxy\u304c\u52d5\u4f5c\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u304c\u78ba\u8a8d\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>k0s\u3067\u306eHubble\u306e\u5229\u7528<\/h2>\n<p>\u5f15\u304d\u7d9a\u304d\u3001Hubble\u3092Kubernetes\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\u30bf\u306b\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u3057\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.cilium.io\/en\/latest\/gettingstarted\/hubble_setup\/\">\u516c\u5f0f\u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8<\/a>\u306b\u5f93\u3044\u3001Hubble\u3092\u6709\u52b9\u5316\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\">\nvagrant@master:~$ cilium hubble enable\nFound CA in secret cilium-ca\n&#x2139;&#xfe0f; helm template --namespace kube-system cilium cilium\/cilium --version 1.12.5 --set cluster.id=0,cluster.name=local,encryption.nodeEncryption=false,hubble.enabled=true,hubble.relay.enabled=true,hubble.tls.ca.cert=(\u4e2d\u7565),hubble.tls.ca.key=[--- REDACTED WHEN PRINTING TO TERMINAL (USE --redact-helm-certificate-keys=false TO PRINT) ---],kubeProxyReplacement=disabled,operator.replicas=1,serviceAccounts.cilium.name=cilium,serviceAccounts.operator.name=cilium-operator,tunnel=vxlan\n&#x2728; Patching ConfigMap cilium-config to enable Hubble...\nCreating ConfigMap for Cilium version 1.12.5...\n&#x267b;&#xfe0f; Restarted Cilium pods\n&#x231b; Waiting for Cilium to become ready before deploying other Hubble component(s)...\nCreating Peer Service...\n&#x2728; Generating certificates...\nGenerating certificates for Relay...\n&#x2728; Deploying Relay...\n&#x231b; Waiting for Hubble to be installed...\n&#x2139;&#xfe0f; Storing helm values file in kube-system\/cilium-cli-helm-values Secret\n&#x2705; Hubble was successfully enabled!\nvagrant@master:~$\n<\/pre>\n<p>Hubble\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u304c\u5b8c\u4e86\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\">vagrant@master:~$ cilium status\n    \/\u00af\u00af\\\n \/\u00af\u00af\\__\/\u00af\u00af\\    Cilium:         OK\n \\__\/\u00af\u00af\\__\/    Operator:       OK\n \/\u00af\u00af\\__\/\u00af\u00af\\    Hubble:         OK\n \\__\/\u00af\u00af\\__\/    ClusterMesh:    disabled\n    \\__\/\n\nDaemonSet         cilium             Desired: 2, Ready: 2\/2, Available: 2\/2\nDeployment        hubble-relay       Desired: 1, Ready: 1\/1, Available: 1\/1\nDeployment        cilium-operator    Desired: 1, Ready: 1\/1, Available: 1\/1\nContainers:       cilium             Running: 2\n                  hubble-relay       Running: 1\n                  cilium-operator    Running: 1\nCluster Pods:     24\/24 managed by Cilium\nImage versions    cilium-operator    quay.io\/cilium\/operator-generic:v1.12.5@sha256:b296eb7f0f7656a5cc19724f40a8a7121b7fd725278b7d61dc91fe0b7ffd7c0e: 1\n                  cilium             quay.io\/cilium\/cilium:v1.12.5@sha256:06ce2b0a0a472e73334a7504ee5c5d8b2e2d7b72ef728ad94e564740dd505be5: 2\n                  hubble-relay       quay.io\/cilium\/hubble-relay:v1.12.5@sha256:22039a7a6cb1322badd6b0e5149ba7b11d35a54cf3ac93ce651bebe5a71ac91a: 1\nvagrant@master:~$<\/pre>\n<p>\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\u30bf\u3078\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u304c\u5b8c\u4e86\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f15\u304d\u7d9a\u304d\u3001Hubble\u306e\u7ba1\u7406\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u3092\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\">\nvagrant@master:~$ HUBBLE_VERSION=$(curl -s https:\/\/raw.githubusercontent.com\/cilium\/hubble\/master\/stable.txt)\nvagrant@master:~$ echo $HUBBLE_VERSION\nv0.11.1\nvagrant@master:~$ HUBBLE_ARCH=amd64\nvagrant@master:~$ curl -L --fail --remote-name-all https:\/\/github.com\/cilium\/hubble\/releases\/download\/$HUBBLE_VERSION\/hubble-linux-${HUBBLE_ARCH}.tar.gz{,.sha256sum}\nvagrant@master:~$ sha256sum --check hubble-linux-${HUBBLE_ARCH}.tar.gz.sha256sum\nhubble-linux-amd64.tar.gz: OK\nvagrant@master:~$ sudo tar xzvfC hubble-linux-${HUBBLE_ARCH}.tar.gz \/usr\/local\/bin\nhubble\nvagrant@master:~$ rm hubble-linux-${HUBBLE_ARCH}.tar.gz{,.sha256sum}\nvagrant@master:~$\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u7ba1\u7406\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u306f\u3053\u308c\u3067\u5b8c\u4e86\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>CUI\u3067\u306eHubble\u306e\u5229\u7528<\/h3>\n<p>Hubble\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3066CUI\u3067\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\u30bf\u306e\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u53ef\u8996\u5316\u3057\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002Hubble\u306b\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u30d5\u30a9\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\">\nvagrant@master:~$ cilium hubble port-forward\n&#x274c; Unable to execute &quot;kubectl port-forward -n kube-system svc\/hubble-relay --address 127.0.0.1 4245:80&quot;:\n\nError: Unable to port forward: unable to execute &quot;kubectl port-forward -n kube-system svc\/hubble-relay --address 127.0.0.1 4245:80&quot;: exec: &quot;kubectl&quot;: executable file not found in $PATH\n\nvagrant@master:~$\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u3068\u3053\u308d\u304cHubble\u306fkubectl\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u304c\u5358\u72ec\u3067\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u3067\u306f\u52d5\u304d\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u89aa\u5207\u306b\u3082\u5931\u6557\u3057\u305fkubectl\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u304c\u8868\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001k0s\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u3092\u524d\u7f6e\u3057\u3066\u5b9f\u884c\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\">\nvagrant@master:~$ k0s kubectl port-forward -n kube-system svc\/hubble-relay --address 127.0.0.1 4245:80 &amp;\n[1] 11544\nvagrant@master:~$ Forwarding from 127.0.0.1:4245 -&gt; 4245\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u7121\u4e8b\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u30d5\u30a9\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9\u304c\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u306e\u3067\u3001Hubble\u306b\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3057\u3066\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\">\nvagrant@master:~$ hubble status\nHandling connection for 4245\nHealthcheck (via localhost:4245): Ok\nCurrent\/Max Flows: 8,190\/8,190 (100.00%)\nFlows\/s: 71.79\nConnected Nodes: 2\/2\nvagrant@master:~$ hubble observe\nHandling connection for 4245\nFeb 7 03:30:13.526: sock-shop\/user-5c8564b446-c5d7t:52782 (ID:38028) &lt;- kube-system\/coredns-9864b985-bhlbr:53 (ID:263) to-overlay FORWARDED (UDP)\nFeb 7 03:30:13.526: sock-shop\/user-5c8564b446-c5d7t:35319 (ID:38028) &lt;- kube-system\/coredns-9864b985-bhlbr:53 (ID:263) to-overlay FORWARDED (UDP)\nFeb 7 03:30:13.545: 10.0.0.216:50824 (remote-node) &lt;&gt; 10.0.1.248:4240 (health) to-overlay FORWARDED (TCP Flags: ACK)\nFeb 7 03:30:13.697: 10.0.0.216:48702 (host) -&gt; cilium-test\/echo-same-node-9f8754876-j7lmt:8080 (ID:18341) to-endpoint FORWARDED (TCP Flags: SYN)\nFeb 7 03:30:13.697: 10.0.0.216:48702 (host) &lt;- cilium-test\/echo-same-node-9f8754876-j7lmt:8080 (ID:18341) to-stack FORWARDED (TCP Flags: SYN, ACK)\nFeb 7 03:30:13.697: 10.0.0.216:48702 (host) -&gt; cilium-test\/echo-same-node-9f8754876-j7lmt:8080 (ID:18341) to-endpoint FORWARDED (TCP Flags: ACK)\nFeb 7 03:30:13.697: 10.0.0.216:48702 (host) -&gt; cilium-test\/echo-same-node-9f8754876-j7lmt:8080 (ID:18341) to-endpoint FORWARDED (TCP Flags: ACK, PSH)\nFeb 7 03:30:13.697: 10.0.0.216:60310 (host) -&gt; cilium-test\/echo-same-node-9f8754876-j7lmt:8181 (ID:18341) to-endpoint FORWARDED (TCP Flags: SYN)\nFeb 7 03:30:13.697: 10.0.0.216:60310 (host) &lt;- cilium-test\/echo-same-node-9f8754876-j7lmt:8181 (ID:18341) to-stack FORWARDED (TCP Flags: SYN, ACK)\nFeb 7 03:30:13.697: 10.0.0.216:60310 (host) -&gt; cilium-test\/echo-same-node-9f8754876-j7lmt:8181 (ID:18341) to-endpoint FORWARDED (TCP Flags: ACK)\nFeb 7 03:30:13.697: 10.0.0.216:60310 (host) -&gt; cilium-test\/echo-same-node-9f8754876-j7lmt:8181 (ID:18341) to-endpoint FORWARDED (TCP Flags: ACK, PSH)\nFeb 7 03:30:13.698: 10.0.0.216:60310 (host) &lt;- cilium-test\/echo-same-node-9f8754876-j7lmt:8181 (ID:18341) to-stack FORWARDED (TCP Flags: ACK, PSH)\nFeb 7 03:30:13.699: 10.0.0.216:60310 (host) -&gt; cilium-test\/echo-same-node-9f8754876-j7lmt:8181 (ID:18341) to-endpoint FORWARDED (TCP Flags: ACK, FIN)\nFeb 7 03:30:13.699: 10.0.0.216:60310 (host) &lt;- cilium-test\/echo-same-node-9f8754876-j7lmt:8181 (ID:18341) to-stack FORWARDED (TCP Flags: ACK, FIN)\nFeb 7 03:30:13.699: 10.0.0.216:60310 (host) -&gt; cilium-test\/echo-same-node-9f8754876-j7lmt:8181 (ID:18341) to-endpoint FORWARDED (TCP Flags: ACK)\nFeb 7 03:30:13.701: 10.0.0.216:48702 (host) &lt;- cilium-test\/echo-same-node-9f8754876-j7lmt:8080 (ID:18341) to-stack FORWARDED (TCP Flags: ACK, PSH)\nFeb 7 03:30:13.701: 10.0.0.216:48702 (host) -&gt; cilium-test\/echo-same-node-9f8754876-j7lmt:8080 (ID:18341) to-endpoint FORWARDED (TCP Flags: ACK, FIN)\nFeb 7 03:30:13.702: 10.0.0.216:48702 (host) &lt;- cilium-test\/echo-same-node-9f8754876-j7lmt:8080 (ID:18341) to-stack FORWARDED (TCP Flags: ACK, FIN)\nFeb 7 03:30:13.702: 10.0.0.216:48702 (host) -&gt; cilium-test\/echo-same-node-9f8754876-j7lmt:8080 (ID:18341) to-endpoint FORWARDED (TCP Flags: ACK)\nFeb 7 03:30:13.947: sock-shop\/orders-975b98f6d-dq94m:36794 (ID:12724) -&gt; sock-shop\/orders-db-7b9776477b-pffhv:27017 (ID:21253) to-endpoint FORWARDED (TCP Flags: ACK, PSH)\nFeb 7 03:30:14.253: 10.0.1.123:40884 (host) -&gt; cilium-test\/echo-other-node-5c58b8cf8b-zbtnx:8080 (ID:10684) to-endpoint FORWARDED (TCP Flags: SYN)\nFeb 7 03:30:14.253: 10.0.1.123:40884 (host) &lt;- cilium-test\/echo-other-node-5c58b8cf8b-zbtnx:8080 (ID:10684) to-stack FORWARDED (TCP Flags: SYN, ACK)\nFeb 7 03:30:14.253: 10.0.1.123:40884 (host) -&gt; cilium-test\/echo-other-node-5c58b8cf8b-zbtnx:8080 (ID:10684) to-endpoint FORWARDED (TCP Flags: ACK)\nFeb 7 03:30:14.253: 10.0.1.123:42814 (host) -&gt; cilium-test\/echo-other-node-5c58b8cf8b-zbtnx:8181 (ID:10684) to-endpoint FORWARDED (TCP Flags: SYN)\nFeb 7 03:30:14.253: 10.0.1.123:42814 (host) &lt;- cilium-test\/echo-other-node-5c58b8cf8b-zbtnx:8181 (ID:10684) to-stack FORWARDED (TCP Flags: SYN, ACK)\nFeb 7 03:30:14.253: 10.0.1.123:42814 (host) -&gt; cilium-test\/echo-other-node-5c58b8cf8b-zbtnx:8181 (ID:10684) to-endpoint FORWARDED (TCP Flags: ACK)\nFeb 7 03:30:14.253: 10.0.1.123:40884 (host) -&gt; cilium-test\/echo-other-node-5c58b8cf8b-zbtnx:8080 (ID:10684) to-endpoint FORWARDED (TCP Flags: ACK, PSH)\nFeb 7 03:30:14.253: 10.0.1.123:42814 (host) -&gt; cilium-test\/echo-other-node-5c58b8cf8b-zbtnx:8181 (ID:10684) to-endpoint FORWARDED (TCP Flags: ACK, PSH)\nFeb 7 03:30:14.253: 10.0.1.123:42814 (host) &lt;- cilium-test\/echo-other-node-5c58b8cf8b-zbtnx:8181 (ID:10684) to-stack FORWARDED (TCP Flags: ACK, PSH)\nFeb 7 03:30:14.253: 10.0.1.123:42814 (host) &lt;- cilium-test\/echo-other-node-5c58b8cf8b-zbtnx:8181 (ID:10684) to-stack FORWARDED (TCP Flags: ACK, FIN)\nFeb 7 03:30:14.254: 10.0.1.123:42814 (host) -&gt; cilium-test\/echo-other-node-5c58b8cf8b-zbtnx:8181 (ID:10684) to-endpoint FORWARDED (TCP Flags: ACK, FIN)\nFeb 7 03:30:14.254: 10.0.1.123:40884 (host) &lt;- cilium-test\/echo-other-node-5c58b8cf8b-zbtnx:8080 (ID:10684) to-stack FORWARDED (TCP Flags: ACK, PSH)\nFeb 7 03:30:14.255: 10.0.1.123:40884 (host) -&gt; cilium-test\/echo-other-node-5c58b8cf8b-zbtnx:8080 (ID:10684) to-endpoint FORWARDED (TCP Flags: ACK, FIN)\nFeb 7 03:30:14.255: 10.0.1.123:40884 (host) &lt;- cilium-test\/echo-other-node-5c58b8cf8b-zbtnx:8080 (ID:10684) to-stack FORWARDED (TCP Flags: ACK, FIN)\nFeb 7 03:30:14.255: 10.0.1.123:40884 (host) -&gt; cilium-test\/echo-other-node-5c58b8cf8b-zbtnx:8080 (ID:10684) to-endpoint FORWARDED (TCP Flags: ACK)\nFeb 7 03:30:14.263: kube-system\/konnectivity-agent-cs9t7:42498 (ID:60151) &lt;- 192.168.56.101:8132 (ID:16777218) to-endpoint FORWARDED (TCP Flags: ACK, PSH)\nFeb 7 03:30:14.263: kube-system\/konnectivity-agent-cs9t7:42498 (ID:60151) -&gt; 192.168.56.101:8132 (ID:16777218) to-stack FORWARDED (TCP Flags: ACK)\nFeb 7 03:30:14.264: kube-system\/konnectivity-agent-cs9t7:43308 (ID:60151) -&gt; 192.168.56.202:10250 (host) to-stack FORWARDED (TCP Flags: ACK, PSH)\nFeb 7 03:30:14.266: kube-system\/konnectivity-agent-cs9t7:43308 (ID:60151) &lt;- 192.168.56.202:10250 (host) to-endpoint FORWARDED (TCP Flags: ACK)\nFeb 7 03:30:14.266: kube-system\/hubble-relay-7566d4f4fd-8mg25:54798 (ID:20308) -&gt; 192.168.56.202:4244 (host) to-stack FORWARDED (TCP Flags: ACK)\nvagrant@master:~$\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u901a\u4fe1\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>GUI\u3067\u306eHubble\u306e\u5229\u7528<\/h3>\n<p>Hubble\u306fGUI\u3067\u3082\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.cilium.io\/en\/latest\/gettingstarted\/hubble\/#hubble-ui\">\u516c\u5f0f\u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8<\/a>\u306b\u5f93\u3063\u3066\u3001GUI\u3092\u6709\u52b9\u306b\u3057\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\">\nvagrant@master:~$ cilium hubble enable --ui\nFound CA in secret cilium-ca\n&#x2139;&#xfe0f; helm template --namespace kube-system cilium cilium\/cilium --version 1.12.5 --set cluster.id=0,cluster.name=local,encryption.nodeEncryption=false,hubble.enabled=true,hubble.relay.enabled=true,hubble.tls.ca.cert=(\u4e2d\u7565),hubble.tls.ca.key=[--- REDACTED WHEN PRINTING TO TERMINAL (USE --redact-helm-certificate-keys=false TO PRINT) ---],hubble.ui.enabled=true,kubeProxyReplacement=disabled,operator.replicas=1,serviceAccounts.cilium.name=cilium,serviceAccounts.operator.name=cilium-operator,tunnel=vxlan\n&#x2728; Patching ConfigMap cilium-config to enable Hubble...\nCreating ConfigMap for Cilium version 1.12.5...\n&#x267b;&#xfe0f; Restarted Cilium pods\n&#x231b; Waiting for Cilium to become ready before deploying other Hubble component(s)...\nCreating Peer Service...\n\nError: Unable to enable Hubble: services &quot;hubble-peer&quot; already exists\nvagrant@master:~$\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u524d\u9805\u3067CUI\u7248\u3092\u6709\u52b9\u306b\u3057\u305f\u304b\u3089\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3001\u4e00\u65e6\u7121\u52b9\u306b\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\">\nvagrant@master:~$ cilium hubble disable\nDeleting Hubble UI...\nDeleting Relay...\nDeleting Relay certificates...\nDeleting Peer Service...\n&#x2728; Patching ConfigMap cilium-config to disable Hubble...\nCreating ConfigMap for Cilium version 1.12.5...\n&#x267b;&#xfe0f; Restarted Cilium pods\n&#x2139;&#xfe0f; Storing helm values file in kube-system\/cilium-cli-helm-values Secret\n&#x2705; Hubble was successfully disabled.\nvagrant@master:~$\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u6539\u3081\u3066GUI\u7248\u3092\u6709\u52b9\u5316\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\">\nvagrant@master:~$ cilium hubble enable --ui\nFound CA in secret cilium-ca\n&#x2139;&#xfe0f; helm template --namespace kube-system cilium cilium\/cilium --version 1.12.5 --set cluster.id=0,cluster.name=local,encryption.nodeEncryption=false,hubble.enabled=true,hubble.relay.enabled=true,hubble.tls.ca.cert=(\u4e2d\u7565),hubble.tls.ca.key=[--- REDACTED WHEN PRINTING TO TERMINAL (USE --redact-helm-certificate-keys=false TO PRINT) ---],hubble.ui.enabled=true,kubeProxyReplacement=disabled,operator.replicas=1,serviceAccounts.cilium.name=cilium,serviceAccounts.operator.name=cilium-operator,tunnel=vxlan\n&#x2728; Patching ConfigMap cilium-config to enable Hubble...\nCreating ConfigMap for Cilium version 1.12.5...\n&#x267b;&#xfe0f; Restarted Cilium pods\n&#x231b; Waiting for Cilium to become ready before deploying other Hubble component(s)...\nCreating Peer Service...\n&#x2728; Generating certificates...\nGenerating certificates for Relay...\n&#x2728; Deploying Relay...\n&#x2728; Deploying Hubble UI and Hubble UI Backend...\n&#x231b; Waiting for Hubble to be installed...\n&#x2139;&#xfe0f; Storing helm values file in kube-system\/cilium-cli-helm-values Secret\n&#x2705; Hubble was successfully enabled!\nvagrant@master:~$\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u4eca\u5ea6\u306f\u6210\u529f\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002CUI\u7248\u3068\u540c\u69d8\u3001\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u30d5\u30a9\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3084\u306f\u308a\u5358\u72ec\u306ekubectl\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u3092\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001\u540c\u69d8\u306bk0s\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u3092\u524d\u7f6e\u3057\u3001\u5f85\u3061\u53d7\u3051IP\u30a2\u30c9\u30ec\u30b9\u3082\u30ed\u30fc\u30ab\u30eb\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u30b0\u30ed\u30fc\u30d0\u30eb\u306b\u5909\u66f4\u3057\u3066\u5b9f\u884c\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u8a8d\u8a3c\u306f\u884c\u308f\u308c\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u3001Vagrant + VirtualBox \u3068\u3044\u3046\u30ed\u30fc\u30ab\u30eb\u3067\u306e\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u76ee\u7684\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5b9f\u65bd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\">\nvagrant@master:~$ cilium hubble ui\n&#x274c; Unable to execute &quot;kubectl port-forward -n kube-system svc\/hubble-ui --address 127.0.0.1 12000:80&quot;:\n\nError: Unable to port forward: unable to execute &quot;kubectl port-forward -n kube-system svc\/hubble-ui --address 127.0.0.1 12000:80&quot;: exec: &quot;kubectl&quot;: executable file not found in $PATH\nvagrant@master:~$\n\nvagrant@master:~$ k0s kubectl port-forward -n kube-system svc\/hubble-ui --address 0.0.0.0 12000:80 &amp;\n[1] 11872\nvagrant@master:~$ Forwarding from 0.0.0.0:12000 -&gt; 8081\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u30d6\u30e9\u30a6\u30b6\u3067 http:\/\/192.168.56.101:12000\/ \u3092\u958b\u304f\u3068Hubble\u306eGUI\u304c\u8868\u793a\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6b21\u306fsock-shop\u3092\u53ef\u8996\u5316\u3057\u305f\u753b\u9762\u3067\u3059\u3002Pod\u540c\u58eb\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u3084\u901a\u4fe1\u72b6\u614b\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-58735\" src=\"\/tech-blog\/cms_x3GWkuX\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/0ca939c26e52d4692cc8bd25f1c42e57-1024x575.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"575\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.creationline.com\/tech-blog\/cms_x3GWkuX\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/0ca939c26e52d4692cc8bd25f1c42e57-1024x575.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.creationline.com\/tech-blog\/cms_x3GWkuX\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/0ca939c26e52d4692cc8bd25f1c42e57-360x202.png 360w, https:\/\/www.creationline.com\/tech-blog\/cms_x3GWkuX\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/0ca939c26e52d4692cc8bd25f1c42e57-768x431.png 768w, https:\/\/www.creationline.com\/tech-blog\/cms_x3GWkuX\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/0ca939c26e52d4692cc8bd25f1c42e57-1536x863.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.creationline.com\/tech-blog\/cms_x3GWkuX\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/0ca939c26e52d4692cc8bd25f1c42e57-2048x1151.png 2048w, https:\/\/www.creationline.com\/tech-blog\/cms_x3GWkuX\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/0ca939c26e52d4692cc8bd25f1c42e57-512x288.png 512w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>\u307e\u3068\u3081<\/h3>\n<p>\u672c\u7a3f\u3067\u306f\u3001k0s\u30c7\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c8\u306ekube-router\u3068kube-proxy\u3092\u7121\u52b9\u5316\u3057\u3066Cilium\u3092\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u3057\u3001Hubble\u3067Kubernetes\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\u30bf\u3092\u53ef\u8996\u5316\u3057\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<br \/>\nCilium\u306b\u306f\u4eca\u56de\u7d39\u4ecb\u3057\u305fkube-proxy\u306e\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u3084\u30aa\u30d6\u30b6\u30d0\u30d3\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u6a5f\u80fd\u306eHubble\u4ee5\u5916\u306b\u3082\u3001\u3055\u307e\u3056\u307e\u306a\u6a5f\u80fd\u304c\u7528\u610f\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u672c\u7a3f\u3067\u306ecilium status\u3067\u7121\u52b9\u3068\u8868\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u300cCluster Mesh\u300d\u6a5f\u80fd\u3084\u3001\u5148\u9032\u7684\u306a\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30dd\u30ea\u30b7\u30fc\u306a\u3069\u306e\u30bb\u30ad\u30e5\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u6a5f\u80fd\u3082\u5099\u3048\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<br \/>\nk0s\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u304a\u624b\u5143\u3067\u624b\u8efd\u306bKubernetes\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\u30bf\u3092\u6e96\u5099\u3057\u3066Cilium\u3092\u52d5\u4f5c\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001\u3053\u306e\u6a5f\u4f1a\u306b\u662f\u975e\u304a\u8a66\u3057\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>k0s\u3068\u306f\u3001\u8efd\u91cf\u304b\u3064\u4f7f\u3044\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3001100%\u30aa\u30fc\u30d7\u30f3\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u306eKubernetes\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30d3\u30e5\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u3059\u3002\u4e3b\u306a\u7279\u5fb4\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3001 \u30d5\u30eb\u6a5f\u80fd\u306eKubernetes\u3092\u69cb\u7bc9\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u3059\u3079\u3066\u3092\u5358\u4e00\u30d0\u30a4\u30ca\u30ea\u306b\u540c\u68b1 \u00a0k0s\u7279\u6709\u306e\u6539 [&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":58735,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[31,122,540],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-58716","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-higuchi","category-kubernetes","category-mirantis"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>k0s\u3067Cilium\u3068Hubble\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u307f\u3088\u3046 #kubernetes #k8s #cilium #hubble #k0s #mirantis - Tech Blog\uff5c\u30af\u30ea\u30a8\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"d-higuchi, Kubernetes, Mirantis 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|k0s\u3068\u306f\u3001\u8efd\u91cf\u304b\u3064\u4f7f\u3044\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3001100%\u30aa\u30fc\u30d7\u30f3\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u306eKubernetes\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30d3\u30e5\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u3059\u3002\u4e3b\u306a\u7279\u5fb4\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3001\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.creationline.com\/tech-blog\/cloudnative\/kubernetes\/58716\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Tech Blog\uff5c\u30af\u30ea\u30a8\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/creationline\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-02-10T00:00:14+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-08-29T06:27:31+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.creationline.com\/tech-blog\/cms_x3GWkuX\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/0ca939c26e52d4692cc8bd25f1c42e57.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2079\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1168\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Daisuke Higuchi\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@creationline\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@creationline\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u57f7\u7b46\u8005\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Daisuke Higuchi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u63a8\u5b9a\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308a\u6642\u9593\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"17\u5206\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" 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